Volatility strategies: trading how much, not which way

Every option price contains a forecast of future movement. Volatility strategies take a position on that forecast itself. You are no longer asking whether the market goes up or down, but whether it moves more or less than the option chain currently implies.

What are volatility strategies? Volatility strategies are positions whose profit depends on the magnitude of the underlying's movement and on changes in implied volatility, rather than on direction. Long straddles and strangles are long volatility; short straddles and strangles are short volatility; calendars trade the difference in volatility between two expiries.

Short Straddle

Neutral

Short Straddle sells a call and a put at the same strike, collecting both premiums to profit if the underlying barely moves: the combined credit is t…

Sell 1 ATM call + sell 1 ATM put at the same strike Undefined

Short Strangle

Neutral

Short Strangle sells an out-of-the-money call and an out-of-the-money put, collecting both premiums to profit if the underlying stays between the str…

Sell 1 OTM call + sell 1 OTM put at different strikes Undefined

Long Straddle

Volatile

Long Straddle buys an at-the-money call and an at-the-money put on the same strike and expiry, so it profits from a large move in either direction, a…

Buy 1 ATM call + buy 1 ATM put, same strike, same expiry Defined

Long Strangle

Volatile

Long Strangle buys an out-of-the-money call and an out-of-the-money put, so it costs less than a straddle but needs a larger move to break even and l…

Buy 1 OTM call + buy 1 OTM put, different strikes, same expiry Defined

Reverse Iron Condor

Volatile

Reverse Iron Condor is a four-leg long-volatility structure — an iron condor with every leg reversed — that pays a capped profit when the underlying …

Buy inner call + sell outer call + buy inner put + sell outer put (an iron condor reversed) Defined

Long Calendar Spread

Neutral

Long Calendar Spread sells a near-dated option and buys a far-dated option at the same strike, profiting from the faster decay of the near leg while …

Sell a near-dated option + buy a far-dated option at the same strike Defined

Double Calendar Spread

Neutral

Double Calendar Spread places two calendars at different strikes — one below spot, one above — widening the single calendar's tent into a profit plat…

Two calendars — a put calendar below spot and a call calendar above, each same-strike across two expiries Defined

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Frequently asked questions

What are volatility strategies?
Volatility strategies are positions whose profit depends on the magnitude of the underlying's movement and on changes in implied volatility, rather than on direction. Long straddles and strangles are long volatility; short straddles and strangles are short volatility; calendars trade the difference in volatility between two expiries.
How many volatility strategies are there?
StrategyGyan documents 7 volatility strategies in full, each with a payoff diagram, its Greeks, its maximum profit and loss stated as a formula and as a worked number, and both NIFTY and BANKNIFTY examples.
Which of these has defined risk?
Long Straddle, Long Strangle, Reverse Iron Condor, Long Calendar Spread, Double Calendar Spread carry a structurally capped maximum loss. Short Straddle, Short Strangle do not — their loss is bounded only by how far the underlying can move.
Educational content only — not investment advice. See our Risk Disclosure.